The use of babosa (Aloe vera) in treating burns: a literature review. Zago LR, Prado K, Benedito VL, Pereira MM. Treatment with 4Jointz reduces knee pain over 12 weeks of treatment in patients with clinical knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial. Laslett LL, Quinn SJ, Darian-Smith E, et al. ![]() Effect of a blend of comfrey root extract (Symphytum officinale L.) and tannic acid creams in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multiclinical trials. Topical herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis. Efficacy and safety of comfrey root extract ointment in the treatment of acute upper or lower back pain: results of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Giannetti BM, Staiger C, Bulitta M, Predel HG. Comfrey root: from tradition to modern clinical trials. A systematic review and quality assessment of case reports of adverse events for borage (Borago officinalis), coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) and comfrey (Symphytum officinale). Safety Alerts & Advisories: FDA Advises Dietary Supplement Manufacturers to Remove Comfrey Products From the Market.Īvila C, Breakspear I, Hawrelak J, Salmond S, Evans S. The Pharmaceutical Journal, PJ, December 2007. Symphytum species: A comprehensive review on chemical composition, food applications and phytopharmacology. Salehi B, Sharopov F, Boyunegmez Tumer T, et al. Metabolism, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of comfrey. Use on dirty skin or deep wounds (surface may heal too fast trapping dirt and pus).Mei N, Guo L, Fu PP, Fuscoe JC, Luan Y, Chen T. The plant has centuries of use with beneficial results.Ĭontraindications: Internal use in liver disease, pregnancy & lactation, or in infants. Toxicity reports are based on isolated compounds, not on the whole plant usage. Note: The current debate about whether to use Symphytum internally is due to concern over the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, specifically the echimidine alkaloid found primarily in the root. Toxicity: Alkaloids have been shown to cause veno-occlusive disease of the liver (one documented human case and in rats). If using for longer than 2 months test liver enzymes and question whether this is the best herb to use. Note: Short-term dosing (2-3 weeks on and 2-3 weeks off – repeat as needed). Pharmacy: Infusion (leaves) 5 g/cup, TID. Decoction: 5 g/cup, TID. Cold extraction (mucilage). Tincture: (1:5, 25%), 2-4 ml TID. Fluid extract: (1:1, 25%) 1-3 ml TID. Ointment, Cream, Lotion, Fomentation, Compresses, Poultices, Washes, Baths. ![]() Silicic acid helps preserve elasticity of connective tissue, controls Ca+ absorption and is needed for bone and cartilage formation.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are hepato-toxic and carcinogenic.Allantoin promotes wound healing through cell proliferation and is anti-inflammatory. ![]() Phenolic acid rosmarinic is anti-inflammatory.Bronchial irritation and irritated coughs with hemoptysis respond well. External use of Symphytum is well indicated for a variety of conditions such as sore muscles, bone fractures, sprains, ligament tears and any damage to aching joints. The astringent action of Symphytum also reduces hemorrhage associated with uclers and colitis. These conditions respond to the demulcent, vulnerary, astringent, antihemorrhagic, and anti-inflammatory properties of the plant. Medicinal use: Internal use of Symphytum is indicated in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery, and shallow G.I. Medicinal actions: Anti-hemorrhagic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, expectorant, anti-rheumatic, cell-proliferant, vulnerary, demulcent, hemostatic, cell proliferant (root), wound/tissue healer, bone healer Symphytum officinalis Common name: ComfreyĬonstituents: Alkaloid (pyrrolizidine) (root only), mucilage, gum, tannin, triterpenes (sitosterols, stigmasterol, steroidal saponins), silicic acid, phenolic acid (caffeic, rosmarinic, chlorogenic), allantoin, asparagine, choline, chlorophyll (higher in leaves, Ca, K+, P, trace minerals, vitamins A and C).
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